References


General: 

  • Wiley CD, Campisi J. The metabolic roots of senescence: mechanisms and opportunities for intervention. Nat Metab. 2021 Oct;3(10):1290-1301. doi: 10.1038/s42255-021-00483-8. Epub 2021 Oct 18. PMID: 34663974; PMCID: PMC8889622.
  • Palmer AK, Xu M, Zhu Y, Pirtskhalava T, Weivoda MM, Hachfeld CM, Prata LG, van Dijk TH, Verkade E, Casaclang-Verzosa G, Johnson KO, Cubro H, Doornebal EJ, Ogrodnik M, Jurk D, Jensen MD, Chini EN, Miller JD, Matveyenko A, Stout MB, Schafer MJ, White TA, Hickson LJ, Demaria M, Garovic V, Grande J, Arriaga EA, Kuipers F, von Zglinicki T, LeBrasseur NK, Campisi J, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Targeting senescent cells alleviates obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction. Aging Cell. 2019 Jun;18(3):e12950. doi: 10.1111/acel.12950. Epub 2019 Mar 25. PMID: 30907060; PMCID: PMC6516193.
  • Regulski MJ. Cellular Senescence: What, Why, and How. Wounds. 2017 Jun;29(6):168-174. PMID: 28682291.
  • Campisi J. Aging, cellular senescence, and cancer. Annu Rev Physiol. 2013;75:685-705. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-030212-183653. Epub 2012 Nov 8. PMID: 23140366; PMCID: PMC4166529.
  • Shimizu I, Minamino T. Cellular senescence in cardiac diseases. J Cardiol. 2019 Oct;74(4):313-319. doi: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.05.002. Epub 2019 Jun 12. PMID: 31202488.
  • Mohamad Kamal NS, Safuan S, Shamsuddin S, Foroozandeh P. Aging of the cells: Insight into cellular senescence and detection Methods. Eur J Cell Biol. 2020 Aug;99(6):151108. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151108. Epub 2020 Jul 12. PMID: 32800277.
  • Mbara KC, Devnarain N, Owira PMO. Potential Role of Polyphenolic Flavonoids as Senotherapeutic Agents in Degenerative Diseases and Geroprotection. Pharmaceut Med. 2022 Dec;36(6):331-352. doi: 10.1007/s40290-022-00444-w. Epub 2022 Sep 13. PMID: 36100824; PMCID: PMC9470070.

Fisetin:

  • Li W, Qin L, Feng R, Hu G, Sun H, He Y, Zhang R. Emerging senolytic agents derived from natural products. Mech Ageing Dev. 2019 Jul;181:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2019.05.001. Epub 2019 May 8. PMID: 31077707.
  • Yousefzadeh MJ, Zhu Y, McGowan SJ, Angelini L, Fuhrmann-Stroissnigg H, Xu M, Ling YY, Melos KI, Pirtskhalava T, Inman CL, McGuckian C, Wade EA, Kato JI, Grassi D, Wentworth M, Burd CE, Arriaga EA, Ladiges WL, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Robbins PD, Niedernhofer LJ. Fisetin is a senotherapeutic that extends health and lifespan. EBioMedicine. 2018 Oct;36:18-28. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.09.015. Epub 2018 Sep 29. PMID: 30279143; PMCID: PMC6197652.
  • Pal HC, Pearlman RL, Afaq F. Fisetin and Its Role in Chronic Diseases. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;928:213-244. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_10. PMID: 27671819.

Quercetin:

  • Geng L, Liu Z, Zhang W, Li W, Wu Z, Wang W, Ren R, Su Y, Wang P, Sun L, Ju Z, Chan P, Song M, Qu J, Liu GH. Chemical screen identifies a geroprotective role of quercetin in premature aging. Protein Cell. 2019 Jun;10(6):417-435. doi: 10.1007/s13238-018-0567-y. Epub 2018 Aug 1. PMID: 30069858; PMCID: PMC6538594.
  • Deepika, Maurya PK. Health Benefits of Quercetin in Age-Related Diseases. Molecules. 2022; 27(8):2498. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27082498
  • Cui Z, Zhao X, Amevor FK, Du X, Wang Y, Li D, Shu G, Tian Y, Zhao X. Therapeutic application of quercetin in aging-related diseases: SIRT1 as a potential mechanism. Front Immunol. 2022 Jul 22;13:943321. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.943321. PMID: 35935939; PMCID: PMC9355713.

Spermidine:

  • Hofer, S.J., Simon, A.K., Bergmann, M. et al. Mechanisms of spermidine-induced autophagy and geroprotection. Nat Aging (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43587-022-00322-9
  • Madeo F, Eisenberg T, Pietrocola F, Kroemer G. Spermidine in health and disease. Science. 2018 Jan 26;359(6374):eaan2788. doi: 10.1126/science.aan2788. PMID: 29371440.
  • Fan J, Feng Z, Chen N. Spermidine as a target for cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res. 2020 Sep;159:104943. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104943. Epub 2020 May 24. PMID: 32461185.
  • Eisenberg T, Knauer H, Schauer A, Büttner S, Ruckenstuhl C, Carmona-Gutierrez D, Ring J, Schroeder S, Magnes C, Antonacci L, Fussi H, Deszcz L, Hartl R, Schraml E, Criollo A, Megalou E, Weiskopf D, Laun P, Heeren G, Breitenbach M, Grubeck-Loebenstein B, Herker E, Fahrenkrog B, Fröhlich KU, Sinner F, Tavernarakis N, Minois N, Kroemer G, Madeo F. Induction of autophagy by spermidine promotes longevity. Nat Cell Biol. 2009 Nov;11(11):1305-14. doi: 10.1038/ncb1975. Epub 2009 Oct 4. PMID: 19801973.

Ergothioneine:

  • Apparoo, Yasaaswini et al. “Potential role of ergothioneine rich mushroom as anti-aging candidate through elimination of neuronal senescent cells.” Brain research vol. 1824 (2024): 148693. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148693
  • Tian, X., Thorne, J., & Moore, J. (2023). Ergothioneine: An underrecognised dietary micronutrient required for healthy ageing? British Journal of Nutrition, 129(1), 104-114. doi:10.1017/S0007114522003592
  • Halliwell, Barry et al. “Ergothioneine - a diet-derived antioxidant with therapeutic potential.”FEBS letters  592,20 (2018): 3357-3366. doi:10.1002/1873-3468.13123
  • Cheah, Irwin K, and Barry Halliwell. “Ergothioneine, recent developments.”Redox biology  42 (2021): 101868. doi:10.1016/j.redox.2021.101868
  • Watanabe N,Matsumoto S, Suzuki M, Fukaya T, Kato Y, Hashiya N. Effect of ergothioneine on the cognitive function improvement in healthy volunteers and mild cognitive impairment subjects–A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group comparison study. Jpn Pharmacol Ther. 2020;48:685–97.
  • Apparoo, Yasaaswini et al. “Ergothioneine and its prospects as an anti-ageing compound.”Experimental gerontology  170 (2022): 111982. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2022.111982
  • Samuel, Priscilla et al. “Ergothioneine Mitigates Telomere Shortening under Oxidative Stress Conditions.”Journal of dietary supplements  19,2 (2022): 212-225. doi:10.1080/19390211.2020.1854919
  • Smith E, Ottosson F, Hellstrand S, et al
  • Ergothioneine is associated with reduced mortality and decreased risk of cardiovascular disease Heart 2020;106:691-697.

Senactiv® (Panax notoginseng (root) and Rosa roxburghii (fruit)) extracts containing ginsenoside Rg1:

    • Lee TXY, Wu J, Jean WH, Condello G, Alkhatib A, Hsieh CC, Hsieh YW, Huang CY, Kuo CH. Reduced stem cell aging in exercised human skeletal muscle is enhanced by ginsenoside Rg1. Aging (Albany NY). 2021 Jun 28;13(12):16567-16576. doi: 10.18632/aging.203176. Epub 2021 Jun 28. PMID: 34181580; PMCID: PMC8266347.
    • Gao Y, Li J, Wang J, Li X, Li J, Chu S, Li L, Chen N, Zhang L. Ginsenoside Rg1 prevent and treat inflammatory diseases: A review. Int Immunopharmacol. 2020 Oct;87:106805. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106805. Epub 2020 Jul 27. PMID: 32731179.
    • Yi YS. Roles of ginsenosides in inflammasome activation. J Ginseng Res. 2019 Apr;43(2):172-178. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.11.005. Epub 2017 Dec 9. PMID: 30962733; PMCID: PMC6437422.
    • He F, Yu C, Liu T, Jia H. Ginsenoside Rg1 as an Effective Regulator of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Pharmacol. 2020 Jan 23;10:1565. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01565. PMID: 32038244; PMCID: PMC6989539.
    • Moiseeva, V., Cisneros, A., Sica, V. et al. Senescence atlas reveals an aged-like inflamed niche that blunts muscle regeneration. Nature (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05535-x

Curcumin (as TurmiPure Gold®):

  • Pascale Fança-Berthon, Mathieu Tenon, Sabrina Le Bouter-Banon, Alexis Manfré, Corinne Maudet, Angelina Dion, Hélène Chevallier, Julie Laval, Richard B van Breemen, Pharmacokinetics of a Single Dose of Turmeric Curcuminoids Depends on Formulation: Results of a Human Crossover Study, The Journal of Nutrition, Volume 151, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1802–1816, https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab087

  • Zia A, Farkhondeh T, Pourbagher-Shahri AM, Samarghandian S. The role of curcumin in aging and senescence: Molecular mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Feb;134:111119. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111119. Epub 2020 Dec 24. PMID: 33360051.
  • Bahrami A, Montecucco F, Carbone F, Sahebkar A. Effects of Curcumin on Aging: Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Evidence. Biomed Res Int. 2021 Oct 13;2021:8972074. doi: 10.1155/2021/8972074. PMID: 34692844; PMCID: PMC8528582.
  • Bielak-Zmijewska A, Grabowska W, Ciolko A, Bojko A, Mosieniak G, Bijoch Ł, Sikora E. The Role of Curcumin in the Modulation of Ageing. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Mar 12;20(5):1239. doi: 10.3390/ijms20051239. PMID: 30871021; PMCID: PMC6429134.

Tetrahydrocurcumin:

  • Lai CS, Ho CT, Pan MH. The Cancer Chemopreventive and Therapeutic Potential of Tetrahydrocurcumin. Biomolecules. 2020 May 29;10(6):831. doi: 10.3390/biom10060831. PMID: 32486019; PMCID: PMC7356876.
  • Aggarwal BB, Deb L, Prasad S. Curcumin differs from tetrahydrocurcumin for molecular targets, signaling pathways and cellular responses. Molecules. 2014 Dec 24;20(1):185-205. doi: 10.3390/molecules20010185. PMID: 25547723; PMCID: PMC6272158.
  • Xiang L, Nakamura Y, Lim YM, Yamasaki Y, Kurokawa-Nose Y, Maruyama W, Osawa T, Matsuura A, Motoyama N, Tsuda L. Tetrahydrocurcumin extends life span and inhibits the oxidative stress response by regulating the FOXO forkhead transcription factor. Aging (Albany NY). 2011 Nov;3(11):1098-109. doi: 10.18632/aging.100396. PMID: 22156377; PMCID: PMC3249455.

 

Apigenin:

  • Salehi B, Venditti A, Sharifi-Rad M, Kręgiel D, Sharifi-Rad J, Durazzo A, Lucarini M, Santini A, Souto EB, Novellino E, Antolak H, Azzini E, Setzer WN, Martins N. The Therapeutic Potential of Apigenin. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Mar 15;20(6):1305. doi: 10.3390/ijms20061305. PMID: 30875872; PMCID: PMC6472148.
    •
  • Imran M, Aslam Gondal T, Atif M, Shahbaz M, Batool Qaisarani T, Hanif Mughal M, Salehi B, Martorell M, Sharifi-Rad J. Apigenin as an anticancer agent. Phytother Res. 2020 Aug;34(8):1812-1828. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6647. Epub 2020 Feb 14. PMID: 32059077.
    •
  • Li BS, Zhu RZ, Lim SH, Seo JH, Choi BM. Apigenin Alleviates Oxidative Stress-Induced Cellular Senescence via Modulation of the SIRT1-NAD[Formula: see text]-CD38 Axis. Am J Chin Med. 2021;49(5):1235-1250. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X21500592. Epub 2021 May 27. PMID: 34049472.
    •
  • Perrott KM, Wiley CD, Desprez PY, Campisi J. Apigenin suppresses the senescence-associated secretory phenotype and paracrine effects on breast cancer cells. Geroscience. 2017 Apr;39(2):161-173. doi: 10.1007/s11357-017-9970-1. Epub 2017 Apr 4. PMID: 28378188; PMCID: PMC5411372.
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    Luteolin:

  • Imran M, Rauf A, Abu-Izneid T, Nadeem M, Shariati MA, Khan IA, Imran A, Orhan IE, Rizwan M, Atif M, Gondal TA, Mubarak MS. Luteolin, a flavonoid, as an anticancer agent: A review. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Apr;112:108612. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108612. Epub 2019 Feb 21. Erratum in: Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Aug;116:109084. PMID: 30798142.
    •
  • Nabavi SF, Braidy N, Gortzi O, Sobarzo-Sanchez E, Daglia M, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Nabavi SM. Luteolin as an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agent: A brief review. Brain Res Bull. 2015 Oct;119(Pt A):1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2015.09.002. Epub 2015 Sep 8. PMID: 26361743.
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    Green Tea containing epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG):

  • Lilja S, Oldenburg J, Pointner A, Dewald L, Lerch M, Hippe B, Switzeny O, Haslberger A. Epigallocatechin Gallate Effectively Affects Senescence and Anti-SASP via SIRT3 in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes in Comparison with Other Bioactive Substances. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020 Oct 21;2020:4793125. doi: 10.1155/2020/4793125. PMID: 33149809; PMCID: PMC7603628.
  • Kumar R, Sharma A, Kumari A, Gulati A, Padwad Y, Sharma R. Epigallocatechin gallate suppresses premature senescence of preadipocytes by inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and induces senescent cell death by regulation of Bax/Bcl-2 pathway. Biogerontology. 2019 Apr;20(2):171-189. doi: 10.1007/s10522-018-9785-1. Epub 2018 Nov 19. PMID: 30456590.
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    AstraGin® (Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng) root extracts containing astragaloside I, II, IV and ginsenoside Rb1:

    • Zhou P, Xie W, Sun Y, Dai Z, Li G, Sun G, Sun X. Ginsenoside Rb1 and mitochondria: A short review of the literature. Mol Cell Probes. 2019 Feb;43:1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mcp.2018.12.001. Epub 2018 Dec 4. Erratum in: Mol Cell Probes. 2020 Dec;54:101626. PMID: 30529056.
    • Chang, Tsu-Chung et al. “Effect of ginsenosides on glucose uptake in human Caco-2 cells is mediated through altered Na+/glucose cotransporter 1 expression.” Journal of agricultural and food chemistry vol. 55,5 (2007): 1993-8. doi:10.1021/jf062714k
    • Wang, Chun-Wen et al. “A gut microbial metabolite of ginsenosides, compound K, induces intestinal glucose absorption and Na(+) /glucose cotransporter 1 gene expression through activation of cAMP response element binding protein.” Molecular nutrition & food research vol. 59,4 (2015): 670-84. doi:10.1002/mnfr.201400688