Telomere Prime+

Telomere Prime — Cellular Renewal & Longevity Support

DNA Repair • Cellular Protection • Mitochondrial Vitality

At the cellular level, aging is fundamentally a problem of accumulating damage — and a declining capacity to repair it.*

Every day, each cell in the body sustains tens of thousands of instances of DNA damage from UV exposure, metabolic oxidative byproducts, environmental toxins, and the mechanics of cellular replication itself. In youth, robust DNA repair systems keep pace with this damage. With age, both the rate of damage and the capacity to repair it shift unfavorably — accumulated DNA lesions, shortened telomeres, reactive lipid modification of proteins and membranes, and declining mitochondrial quality collectively define the biological aging process at its deepest level.*

Telomere Prime+ was designed to address cellular aging from the inside out — eight clinically studied ingredients targeting four non-redundant mechanisms: DNA repair capacity, telomere maintenance, reactive lipid electrophile scavenging, and mitochondrial biogenesis.*

KEY SUPPORTED BENEFITS

Telomere Prime+ is formulated to support:*

• Healthy DNA repair processes and DNA integrity*
• Telomere length maintenance during cellular division*
• Selective scavenging of reactive lipid electrophiles — isolevuglandins (IsoLGs) and isoketals*
• Mitochondrial biogenesis — the formation of new, healthy mitochondria*
• Nrf2-mediated cellular antioxidant defense and phase II detoxification*
• Autophagy and cellular renewal signaling*
• Healthy immune signaling and NF-κB modulation*
• Collagen III synthesis and connective tissue integrity*
• Nutrient absorption and bioavailability optimization*

THE FOUR-MECHANISM CELLULAR LONGEVITY SYSTEM

• DNA Repair & Telomere Maintenance → ac-11® Cat's Claw Extract (42 published studies · CAEs)
• Reactive Lipid Electrophile Scavenging → Hobamine® 2-HOBA (IsoLG/isoketal neutralization · first-in-human safety confirmed)
• Mitochondrial Biogenesis & Redox Defense → PQQ + MitoPrime® L-Ergothioneine
• Autophagy & Cellular Renewal → Puremidine® Spermidine (10 mg)
•  Nrf2 & Antioxidant Defense → Activated BroccoRaphanin™ (sulforaphane + myrosinase)
• Absorption Foundation → AstraGin® (nutrient transporter upregulation)

THE FORMULA — EIGHT INGREDIENTS. FOUR CELLULAR LONGEVITY PILLARS.

PILLAR ONE: DNA REPAIR & TELOMERE MAINTENANCE

ac-11® (Uncaria tomentosa Inner Bark Extract, standardized to ≥8% Carboxy Alkyl Esters)

Role: DNA Repair Enhancement, Telomere Maintenance & Immune Signaling Support 

ac-11® is among the most extensively studied ingredients in the cellular longevity space — with 42 published studies, 10 U.S. patents, and over 20 years of research supporting its role in DNA repair, telomere maintenance, and immune signaling.*

ac-11® is fundamentally different from generic cat's claw extracts. Where conventional cat's claw products are standardized for oxindole alkaloids and delivered as whole-plant preparations, ac-11® uses a proprietary aqueous hot-water extraction and micro-filtration process that produces a virtually alkaloid-free (<0.05%), low-molecular-weight extract standardized to a minimum 8% carboxy alkyl esters (CAEs) — the specific compounds responsible for approximately 90% of ac-11®'s therapeutic activity.*

The active CAEs work through multiple cellular longevity mechanisms:*

DNA Repair Enhancement: ac-11® supports the body's natural DNA repair mechanisms — specifically base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair — helping address the cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimers, oxidative DNA lesions (8-hydroxyguanine), and strand breaks that accumulate with aging and environmental stress.* Published human studies and human living skin equivalent research confirm ac-11® supports DNA repair following UV exposure, with reduced DNA damage markers and oxidative DNA adducts.*

Telomere Maintenance: ac-11® helps maintain telomere length and integrity during cellular mitosis — the critical replication process during which telomere shortening occurs.* Research documents ac-11®'s ability to support the DNA maintenance processes that preserve telomere structure across successive cell divisions.*

NF-κB Modulation: ac-11® helps normalize NF-κB expression — supporting balanced cellular inflammatory response signaling.* This mechanism is particularly relevant to the inflammaging process, where dysregulated NF-κB activity contributes to the chronic low-grade inflammation that accelerates biological aging.*

White Blood Cell Longevity: Research shows ac-11® supports the life cycle and function of white blood cells — contributing to immune resilience alongside its direct DNA and telomere support.*

Collagen III Support: ac-11® increases production of natural collagen III — a form of collagen associated with soft, supple connective tissue and skin integrity. This benefit emerges from the same DNA repair and cellular maintenance mechanisms that underpin ac-11®'s longevity applications.

2-HOBA (as Hobamine®, 2-Hydroxybenzylamine Acetate)

Role: Selective Reactive Lipid Electrophile Scavenging — Isolevuglandin & Isoketal Neutralization

Hobamine® (2-HOBA) is one of the most mechanistically novel ingredients in the Telomere Prime+ formula — addressing a class of oxidative damage that conventional antioxidants cannot reach.

The problem Hobamine® solves: During lipid peroxidation — the oxidative degradation of membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids — cells generate a class of highly reactive byproducts called isolevuglandins (IsoLGs) and isoketals. These γ-ketoaldehyde dicarbonyl electrophiles are the most reactive lipid peroxidation products known, reacting within milliseconds with primary amines on proteins, DNA, and cell membrane components — forming permanent covalent adducts that cannot be removed by conventional antioxidant mechanisms.*

Standard antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, glutathione) work by neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) before they oxidize lipids. But once lipid peroxidation has occurred and IsoLGs have formed, these antioxidants are powerless — they cannot react with the γ-ketoaldehyde structure of IsoLGs.*

2-HOBA (Hobamine®) is a selective scavenger of IsoLGs and isoketals — a naturally occurring compound from Himalayan Tartary Buckwheat seeds that reacts rapidly and specifically with dicarbonyl electrophiles, forming stable, non-toxic adducts and preventing them from modifying cellular proteins and DNA.* This is a completely different and complementary mechanism to conventional antioxidant defense — one that operates downstream of ROS, catching the reactive byproducts that ROS scavengers miss.*

Critically, unlike broad antioxidants, Hobamine® does not interfere with normal physiological oxidative processes that the body requires for signaling and function. It is selective — targeting the most damaging dicarbonyl species without blunting beneficial redox biology.*

Published Evidence:*

• First-in-human safety and pharmacokinetics study (NCT03176940, published BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology): 2-HOBA acetate well-tolerated at doses up to 825 mg in 18 healthy volunteers — no clinically significant adverse events, no changes in vital signs, ECG, or laboratory parameters. Absorbed within 1–2 hours.*
• NIH-funded human pilot study published in Inflammation: 2-HOBA linked to positive changes in 15 inflammatory biomarkers in two cohorts of healthy younger and older adults.*
• Preclinical research: 2-HOBA scavenging of reactive dicarbonyls reduced atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic mouse models (Nature Communications, 2020); protective effects in models of hypertension, neurodegeneration, and systemic inflammation.*
• Blood-brain barrier penetration confirmed in small human pharmacokinetic study.*

PILLAR TWO: MITOCHONDRIAL BIOGENESIS & REDOX DEFENSE

PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium Salt)

Role: Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Antioxidant Signaling & Cellular Energy Support

PQQ is a unique redox cofactor with two properties that set it apart from conventional antioxidants: its ability to support mitochondrial biogenesis — the creation of new mitochondria — and its capacity to perform thousands of redox cycles before being degraded, making it among the most catalytically active antioxidant compounds identified in biology.*

Mitochondrial biogenesis support: PQQ activates PGC-1α — the master transcriptional regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis — and promotes the expression of NRF1 and TFAM, the transcription factors that coordinate mitochondrial DNA replication and the expression of mitochondrial structural proteins.* Declining mitochondrial biogenesis with age is one of the primary drivers of cellular energy decline, reduced metabolic flexibility, and impaired tissue regeneration.* PQQ addresses this directly.*

Antioxidant efficiency: PQQ performs catalytic redox cycling, acting as an antioxidant electron carrier while regenerating itself — supporting continuous cellular antioxidant activity at doses far below conventional antioxidants.* It also stimulates the production of nerve growth factor (NGF) — contributing to neurological health alongside its mitochondrial and antioxidant roles.*

Telomere context: PQQ has been associated with support for healthy telomere maintenance through its mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant mechanisms — mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a driver of accelerated telomere shortening, making PQQ's mitochondrial support relevant to the formula's telomere maintenance positioning.*

MitoPrime® (L-Ergothioneine — 25 mg)

Role: Selective Mitochondrial Antioxidant Accumulation & Cellular Aging Defense 

MitoPrime® L-Ergothioneine — the "longevity vitamin" supported by three major scientific reviews in 2022, 2023, and 2024 — accumulates selectively in mitochondria and metabolically active tissues through the dedicated OCTN1 transporter system. It provides standing antioxidant protection directly at the site of highest oxidative burden — the mitochondrial matrix where electron transport chain activity continuously generates reactive oxygen species.*

In the context of Telomere Prime+'s telomere and DNA integrity positioning, MitoPrime® specifically supports mitochondrial DNA stability — protecting the mtDNA that encodes essential components of the electron transport chain from the oxidative damage that accelerates mitochondrial dysfunction and downstream telomere attrition.*

Full MitoPrime® description with the 2022–2024 scientific review citations is on the Mitochondria Prime+™ product page.*

PILLAR THREE: AUTOPHAGY & CELLULAR RENEWAL

Puremidine® (Spermidine — 5 mg)

Role: Autophagy Activation, Telomere Maintenance & Cellular Longevity Signaling 

At 5 mg per serving, Telomere Prime+ delivers Puremidine® spermidine — the same pharmaceutical-grade spermidine featured in Prime Time+  and Rejuvenate.

Spermidine contributes to Telomere Prime+'s cellular longevity architecture through three complementary mechanisms:

Autophagy activation — supporting the cellular recycling and quality-control process that clears damaged proteins, dysfunctional organelles, and cellular debris before they accumulate into the burden that drives biological aging.*

Telomere maintenance — spermidine supports hypusination of eIF5A and epigenetic regulation of longevity-associated gene expression, both connected to telomere maintenance and cellular aging.*

Mitochondrial protection — spermidine supports mitochondrial function and improved mitochondrial respiration, complementing PQQ's biogenesis support with ongoing mitochondrial quality maintenance.*

Full spermidine clinical evidence (2025 Nature Cell Biology, POLYCAD trial, aging and memory data) is on the Prime Time+ product page.*

PILLAR FOUR: NRF2 ACTIVATION & ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE

Activated BroccoRaphanin™ (Sulforaphane Glucosinolate + Myrosinase Enzyme)

Role: Nrf2 Pathway Activation, Phase II Detoxification & Cytoprotective Gene Induction

Activated BroccoRaphanin™ delivers sulforaphane — one of the most potent known activators of the Nrf2/Keap1 cellular defense pathway — in its fully bioavailable activated form, with the myrosinase enzyme required to convert glucoraphanin to active sulforaphane delivered in the same capsule.*

Most broccoli supplements and dietary sources deliver inactive glucoraphanin without myrosinase — cooking destroys the enzyme, and most commercial extracts do not include it. Without myrosinase, glucoraphanin conversion to active sulforaphane is minimal and unpredictable. Activated BroccoRaphanin™ solves this by co-delivering both components.*

Sulforaphane's Nrf2 activation upregulates over 200 cytoprotective genes — including NQO1, HO-1, glutathione S-transferases, and gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase — supporting the broad cellular antioxidant and detoxification infrastructure that protects DNA, proteins, and membranes from oxidative damage. This upstream Nrf2 induction complements Hobamine®'s downstream IsoLG scavenging — addressing both the cellular defense machinery and the reactive byproducts that slip through it.

AstraGin® (Astragalus membranaceus + Panax notoginseng Root Extracts)

Dose: 50 mg Role: Nutrient Absorption Optimization & Telomere-Adjacent Stem Cell Signaling 

AstraGin® upregulates intestinal nutrient transporter proteins — ensuring the active ingredients in Telomere Prime+ are efficiently absorbed and reach target tissues at meaningful concentrations.*

AstraGin® also carries astragalosides and ginsenosides with independent biological activity relevant to this formula:

Astragaloside IV has been studied for its ability to activate telomerase enzyme activity — supporting the enzymatic mechanism that maintains telomere length during cell division. This is complementary to and distinct from ac-11®'s DNA repair approach to telomere maintenance — addressing the telomere lengthening enzyme rather than the DNA damage prevention layer.

THE TELOMERE BIOLOGY CONTEXT

Why Telomere Length Is a Meaningful Longevity Biomarker — And Why DNA Repair Is the Foundation

Telomeres are the protective caps at the ends of chromosomes — repetitive DNA sequences (TTAGGG)n that shorten with each cell division and with DNA damage events. When telomeres reach a critically short length, cells either enter senescence or undergo apoptosis.

Critically, telomere shortening is not purely a function of cell division. The primary drivers of accelerated telomere attrition include: oxidative DNA damage at telomeric repeats (which are particularly susceptible to 8-oxoguanine lesions), reactive lipid electrophile modification of telomere-associated proteins, and failure of DNA repair mechanisms to maintain telomere structure between replications.

This is why Telomere Prime+ addresses not just telomeres directly (through ac-11® and AstraGin®'s astragaloside IV) but the upstream causes of accelerated telomere loss — oxidative DNA damage (ac-11® DNA repair, Nrf2 activation), reactive lipid modification (Hobamine®), mitochondrial dysfunction-driven oxidative burden (PQQ, MitoPrime®), and declining cellular renewal capacity (Puremidine® spermidine).*

Supporting telomere health without addressing the upstream oxidative environment is an incomplete approach. Telomere Prime+ addresses both.*